Dave Chappelle Satire

Dave Chappelle's comedy has made numerous aspects of American race relations and racial stereotypes subject to ridicule in a manner that has both united and divided. On one hand, his name became synonymous with comedy for the younger generations; on the other, his values caused him to question his own comedy, leading him to effectively terminate his career. In the Wake of ‘The Nigger Pixie': Dave Chappelle and the Politics of Crossover Comedy† by Bambi Haggins demonstrates that Chappelle's comedic style is the result of numerous elements of comedy in the African American community coming together and that it came about as a result of his experiences. It gives and expands upon the reasons that Chappelle left Chappelle's Show and presents them in an optimal setting.Chappelle's roots are established as guiding him through his comedic career, his desire to share his comedy with the masses without accommodating the tastes of the networks or what they would think would be †Å"palatable† to their audiences. Haggins' analysis of Chappelle's comedic style for the duration of Chappelle's Show explains how Chappelle was able to blend older styles of African American comedy into his unique comedic style by using his sketches to support her claims.Haggins knows how to blend this mixture artfully into an essay piquing the interest of others on the topic of Chappelle's career and comedic style. Haggins begins the chapter with a quick explanation of why Chappelle eventually left the show. Chappelle explains that the â€Å"loud and long laughter† (233), emanating from one of the white crew members was â€Å"the beginning of the end† (233) for him. This depicts the time in his life when he started to think that rather then diluting them, his skits sometimes reinforce these stereotypes.Something he never intended to do. The biggest thing that separated Chappelle’s show from the rest is his seamless ability to achieve the de facto crossove r consistently in his show. His gift at portraying stereotypes and social conflicts while appealing to a wider audience is what led him to the top of sketch comedy. But this soon becomes problematic for him as he struggled with himself to decide what was crossing the line. As his success gave him the ability the push the line even farther, it also reminded him how important it was to not cross the line.Another big factor that provided Chappelle with the chance he needed to really show everyone what he could do is by taking a risk with Comedy central. The Chappelle’s Show co-creator Neal Brennan explains, â€Å"We went to a place, Comedy Central, that sort of needs us and gave us a lot of freedom†¦. We didn’t get much money, but that was the trade-off-you get control† (236). This gave Chappelle the ability to reach a wide audience while still having the control of the material that goes into each show, thus promoting his real comedic self and rocketing him t o success and fame.While staying at the top Chappelle constantly was balancing on a delicate line, â€Å"Chappelle’s show walked the razor edge of provocative comedic sociopolitical discourse† (237). Haggin’s in depth analysis of both his argument and Chappelle’s descent into racial stereotyping is prevalent through his specific examples of the comedian’s sketches and then providing commentary about the concept as a whole. In his article, the author uses Chappelle’s â€Å"Racial Draft†, â€Å"Black Bush†, and â€Å"Nigger Pixie† as clear cases where racial satire went too far. The author begins with Chappelle’s background and his emergence into the television world.This is an effective rhetoric strategy because it allows the audience to see Dave Chappelle before the Chappelle’s Show. However, if one reads closely, they can clearly tell that Chappelle had never changed throughout his years of comedy and kept the â€Å"openness and fluidity†(236) in his comic persona. Haggins also points out the element that the comedian always had an ability to attract viewers from all areas and speak â€Å"for and to Gen X and Gen Y subcultures in both black and white communities† (234). This was especially evident in Chappelle’s Show and added greatly to its popularity.Finally, the method in which the author used examples by including specific skits in the â€Å"Lost Episode† where Dave Chappelle went beyond boundaries to point out the racial stereotypes that are present in everyday life is very effective. Through his fluid diction and terrific explanation of each skit, Haggins is able to â€Å"paint a picture† in words for the reader. When reading the article and each sketch that Chappelle acted out, the audience can clearly see that the comedian’s racial satire was humorous, yet lie awfully close to the reinforcement of racial stereotyping.This is the reaso n the â€Å"Nigger Pixie† sketch example is so significant. By playing a black-faced minstrel, Chappelle only emphasized the idea of harsh racism and the stereotypical black want for fried chicken. The author analyzes how numerous comedic styles from the African American community coalesced on Chappelle's Show by using specific sketches as supporting evidence. One example, Haggins' analysis of the â€Å"Reparations† sketch (Haggins 240-241), demonstrates that numerous styles blended quite clearly.Her use of the sketch, which describes the ludicrous amount of economic prosperity that would occur if reparations for slavery were given to the descendents of formerly enslaved African Americans (Haggins 240), outlines how â€Å"the ‘white' media† (Haggins 240) would report such an occurrence, and that while the sketch â€Å"[offers] a cringe-worthy embodiment of stereotypes, [it] (somewhat) congenially calls the audience out while also acting as a reminder of t he issue of reparations for the legacy of slavery that still informs aspects of the African American experience† (Haggins 241).Her demonstration of the older styles of African American comedy coming together one one television program was effective. After all of this occurred and Comedy Central aired the shows despite the wished of Chappelle, he found it impossible to continue his relationship with Comedy Central and he left the show.The argument made throughout the chapter is further solidified in the end when Haggins states, â€Å"As long as the assumptions implied by the race-baiting little demons (the Nigger Pixie and his brethren) resonate in the hidden recesses of popular consciousness-not as critique but as confirmation-the road for social satire, regardless of media outlet-will be arduous† (248). To revisit what was discussed earlier, as long as racism exists, â€Å"doing racial satire will be problematic† (248).

The Fight Against Cyber Crime

Running head: THE FIGHT AGAINST CYBER CRIME The Fight Against Cyber Crime: What Can We Do? Abstract Cyber crime is on the rise and every organization must recognize the danger and take necessary steps to help mitigate the threat. While many institutions worry more about hackers than cyber criminals, it is cyber crime that can cause the most damage. A hacker is more easily detected while a cyber criminal may already be in your network undetected. While a hacker may try to breach a network for the thrill or to annoy, a cyber criminal will breach a network for monetary gain.This paper is intended to point out some of the risks of cyber crime and what a financial institute can do to help mitigate the threat of attack. Keywords: cyber crime, cyber attack, Information Technology Information Sharing and Analysis Center, IT-ISAC, Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center, FS-ISAC The Fight Against Cyber Crime: What Can We Do? While many institutions worry more about hackers than cyber criminals, it is cyber criminals that should make us more wary.A hacker is more easily detected while a cyber criminal may already be in your network undetected. While a hacker may try to breach a network for the thrill value or to annoy their victim, a cyber criminal will breach a network for monetary gain. This may include â€Å"data acquisition and storage, stealthy access to systems, identity collection and theft, misdirection of communications, keystroke identification, identity authentication, and botnets, among others† (Deloitte, 2010).According to a survey conducted in August 2011 by Ponemon Institute, for the 50 participating companies (see chart 1), the average time it takes an organization to resolve a cyber attack is 18 days with an average cost of $23,000 a day. An insider attack can average 45 days to contain. This does not include the value of any data lost, modified, or stolen in the process. This survey also showed the average annualized cost of cy ber crime to financial institutions was $14,700,000 for 2011, up from $12,370,000 the previous year (see Chart 2).Chart 3 summarizes the types of attack methods experienced by the companies that participated in the survey (Ponemon, 2011). According to security firm Imperva, â€Å"The average large business sees 27 attacks per minute hitting its Website. Attackers can use automation technologies to generate up to seven attacks per second, or 25,000 attacks per hour† (Rashid, 2011). To build a sufficient IT security posture, it is important to assume that an unauthorized user can gain access to the network, and then structure the network to best protect the most valuable data.The valuable data can then â€Å"be tagged and monitored so that the organization knows where it is, where it is going, where it has gone, and on whose authority† (Deloitte, 2010). The organization also needs to understand that they need to not only monitor what is coming into their network but also what is leaving their network. This will help â€Å"detect activities enabled by techniques and technologies that mimic, exploit, or piggyback on the access of authorized users† (Deloitte, 2010).Using standard firewalls and anti-virus programs alone will not accomplish this. The organization must take a more proactive approach to protect its financial data. Now that we know what we need to do, how do we accomplish this? Some very basic steps include employee screening, employee training to help mitigate against social engineering, disabling account access of terminated employees, ensuring software updates and patches are properly implemented, and ensuring firewalls are properly configured.More advanced steps include, but are not limited to, setting up a demilitarized zone to help block the network from outside access, installing a honeynet system to look like an authentic part of the network to entice and trap intrusion attempts for further analysis, installing hard drive en cryption and remote data wipe capability on all laptops and other mobile devices, and requiring smart card and pin number authentication (or some other form of multifactor authentication) to access sensitive data.The Ponemon survey revealed companies utilizing security information and event management (SIEM) solutions such as these average 24 percent less expense in dealing with cyber crime attacks (see chart 5). This reduction in cost is because companies that use SIEM solutions are better able to detect and contain, and therefore recover, from such attacks (see chart 6). Another important step for a financial institute to take is to become a member of the FS-ISAC (Financial Services Information Sharing and Analysis Center).The FS-ISAC was founded in 1999 and led the way for the IT-ISAC (Information Technology Information Sharing and Analysis Center) which was founded in 2001. The purpose of these groups is for organizations to have the opportunity to share the security attacks and vulnerabilities they have experienced with other organizations in their field of industry. Given the sophistication, complexity, and evolution of cyber crime technologies and techniques, no sizable organization can plan and implement the necessary response alone. CIOs, CSOs, CROs, and cyber security rofessionals should share information, techniques, and technologies in their battle against cyber crime. (Deloitte, 2010) The importance of FS-ISAC was proven in 2000 when member companies where saved from a major denial-of-service attack that many other companies experienced (Hurley, 2001). As shown in chart 4, a denial-of-service attack can be costly. A more recent example of FS-ISAC at work is the August 23, 2011 report of the Help Net Security (International) Ramnit worm which uses Zeus Trojan tactics for banking fraud.As the FS-ISAC points out, â€Å"When attacks occur, early warning and expert advice can mean the difference between business continuity and widespread business cata strophe† (FS-ISAC, 2011). Knowing and having the chance to combat against these attacks can save an institute millions. In conclusion, financial institutions must stay vigilant to current and new cyber threats. Table 1 through 3 gives a breakdown of cyber threats and controls that can help reduce the impact if these threats become reality. It is important for an organization to enroll in its respective ISAC and to share in the lessons learned from previous attacks.While it would be almost impossible to learn about and prevent every type of attack, staying vigilant will help reduce the likelihood and the impact. References Deloitte Development LLC. (2010). Cyber Crime: A Clear and Present Danger. Retrieved December 23, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://eclearning. excelsior. edu/webct/RelativeResourceManager/Template/pdf/M7_Deloitte_CyberCrime. pdf FS-ISAC. (2011). Current Banking and Finance Report, Retrieved 24 December, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://www. fsisac. com/ Hurley, E. (2001, January 29).IT-ISAC: A Matter of Trust. Retrieved 24 December, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://searchsecurity. techtarget. com/news/517824/IT-ISAC-A matter-of-trust Ponemon Institute LLC. (2011, August). Second Annual Cost of Cyber Crime Study. Retrieved December 24, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://www. arcsight. com/collateral/whitepapers/2011_Cost_of_Cyber_Crime_Study_August. pdf Rashid, F. (2011, July 25). Cyber-Criminals Use Botnets, Automation to Launch Multiple Blended Attacks. Retrieved December 24, 2011, from the World Wide Web: http://www. week. com/c/a/Security/CyberCriminals-Use-Botnets-Automation-to-Launch-Multiple-Blended-Attacks-656032/ Chart 1. Sample of Participating Companies by Industry (Ponemon, 2011) Average annualized cost by industry sector ($1M) *Industry was not represented in the FY2010 benchmark sample. Chart 2. Average annualized cost by industry sector (Ponemon, 2011) Types of Attack Methods Experienced Chart 3. Types of Attack Methods Experienced (Ponemon, 2011)Average annualized cyber crime cost weighted by attack frequency *The FY 2010 benchmark sample did not contain a DoS attack. Chart 4. Average annualized cyber crime cost (Ponemon, 2011) Comparison of SIEM and non-SIEM sub-sample of average cost of cyber crime Chart 5. Comparison cost of SIEM and non-SIEM companies (Ponemon, 2011) Chart 6 Percentage cost for recovery, detection & containment (Ponemon, 2011) categoryFinancial Impact Regulatory ComplianceIndustry Reputation 4CriticalIncrease in costs greater than $1MFines in excess of $1MSignificant, sustained negative media exposure.Significant loss of business due to blemish on public image. 3MajorIncrease in costs $100K to $1MFines between $100K and $1MNegative media exposure. Loss of business due to blemish on public image. 2ModerateIncrease in costs less than $100KFines under $100KSome negative media exposure. Slight loss of business due to blemish on public image. 1MinorNo significant co st increase expectedNo fines expectedNo media exposure or loss of business expected. Table 1. Impact 4Imminent 3Highly Likely 2Possible 1Unlikely Table 2. Probability PxI (before controls / after controls)Financial Impact Regulatory Compliance Industry Reputation Controls Denial of service1x3=3 / 1Ãâ€"2=21Ãâ€"3=3 / 1Ãâ€"1=11Ãâ€"4=4 / 1Ãâ€"2=2Implement router filters, install patches to guard against SYC flooding, disable unused services Web-based attack2x3=6 / 2Ãâ€"2=42Ãâ€"3=6 / 2Ãâ€"2=42Ãâ€"4=8 / 2Ãâ€"2=4Restrict website access to only what customer needs, disable account log-in after 3 failed log-in attempts, require multifactor authentication to access sensitive data Malicious code2x4=8 / 2Ãâ€"2=42Ãâ€"4=8 / 2Ãâ€"2=42Ãâ€"4=8 / 2Ãâ€"2=4Software updates and patches, anti-virus and anti-spam software pdates, firewall configuration, employee training Malicious insider1x4=4 / 1Ãâ€"2=21Ãâ€"4=4 / 1Ãâ€"2=21Ãâ€"4=4 / 1Ãâ€"2=2Employee screening, disable account access fo r terminated employees, require multifactor authentication for access to data servers, least privilege, separation of duty Phishing & social engineering 2Ãâ€"3=6 / 1Ãâ€"3=32Ãâ€"3=6 / 1Ãâ€"3=32Ãâ€"3=6 / 1Ãâ€"3=3Employee training, least privilege, separation of duty Stolen devices2x4=8 / 2Ãâ€"1=22Ãâ€"4=8 / 2Ãâ€"1=22Ãâ€"4=8 / 2Ãâ€"1=2Hard drive encryption, remote data wipe capability Botnets 3Ãâ€"3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=33Ãâ€"3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=33Ãâ€"3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=3Software updates and patches, anti-virus and anti-spam software updates, firewall configuration, employee training Malware3x3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=33Ãâ€"3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=33Ãâ€"3=9 / 3Ãâ€"1=3Software updates and patches, anti-virus and anti-spam software updates, firewall configuration, employee training Viruses, worms, trojans4x3=12 / 4Ãâ€"1=44Ãâ€"3=12 / 4Ãâ€"1=44Ãâ€"3=12 / 4Ãâ€"1=4Software updates and patches, anti-virus and anti-spam software updates, firewall configuration, employee training Table 3. Risk Analysis

Chinese Philosophy Essay

Human being is by nature a dynamic being, whose tendency to evolve is manifest in history, archeology and other disciplines that have put human development and progress in focus in the course of evolution and so does the society / community in which he resides. Heraclitus, an ancient Greek philosopher, once stated; â€Å"As they step into the same rivers, different and still different waters flow upon them† (qtd. in Snooks 1). In line with this saying, we may say that change is something that is part of nature. Many of the activities of communities can address, embrace or resist change. In order to manage the various incidents and conditions that are experienced by man and his society, various instruments and frameworks are devised. In the case of the Chinese society, a number of philosophical standpoints were developed in a bid to confront the challenges facing China. This paper endeavors to examine Confucianism, Daoism, Mohism and Legalism as the instruments put in place by the Chinese in response to the wars that China was experiencing, especially in regard to leadership in a society. Confucianism Confucianism puts quality on the ability of the human being to achieve, through self introspective processes, a state of inner harmony and moral uprightness, which can elevate the individual from the stables of a common person to a noble person. Confucias (541 – 479 BCE) was China’s first moral philosopher who linked moral behavior to traditional roles and hierarchies. He linked the Zhou order that was deteriorating and believed that all should understand and accept their role in the society. This system of thought is good in so far as it has faith in the human being as being capable of managing his own destiny, and being able to change for the better. Confucianism gives an individual member of the society a chance to take responsibility for creating and maintaining harmony in the society, by having it entrenched in the individual countenance that recognizes nobility as a state that can be achieved by an individual, without anybody being able to gain it through ascription or inheritance and this is not closely attached to the exercise of political power per se (Barry et al. 24) In China where many communities were vying for political dominance, Confucianism offered a window for the restoration of order through self cultivation, oriented toward achieving a noble state, in spite of the person’s social extraction. This, as a philosophy that sought to bring harmony in the warring Chinese society, worked toward the establishment of personal moral uprightness, which in turn would affect the way people related to one another, especially in their relation to leadership. If the society regarded nobility highly, then the noble people, having cultivated themselves effectively; would have their influence in the society to steer clear of war, or to effectively lead the people in better battle campaigns against their adversaries. If on the other hand, the Chinese society was to transform itself into a nation of noble people according to Confucian principles, then everybody would maintain the peace, because people would look at each other with more humility and kindness. The Confucian noble is thus, one who is able to provide leadership without really reigning or ruling. Confucianism can also be seen as a direct response to insensitive leadership during the war period, and thus, a system to try and impress the virtue of good leadership amongst the rulers of the time (86). This was done in such a way that it did not threaten as much, the social structures prevalent then, hence the Confucian recognition of the social hierarchies, and insistence on the citizenry to uphold respect for the superiors. Of course, war is a period when it matters to positively receive instruction and commands from the superiors. Daoism While Confucianism promotes the practice of self improvement in line with the argument based on natural evolution of the human species, Daoism on the other hand places all human effort in the search for knowledge and purposeful transformation in the realm of vanity. Daoists wanted the governments not to override their lives and were interested in the spiritual aspect of human existence. The temptation to dismiss this school of thought prima facie is quite high. This is due to the natural orientation of man to take responsibility of his destiny and the natural tendency to seek a better life, to marvel at nature and to try to influence it so as to satisfy personal needs. In that respect, one would expect that a working formula has to emphasize man’s rationality and his wants and needs, as the central pillars of his push toward creating his own history and having dominion over his environment. On the other hand, Daoism offers a situation where, as a country at war, the Chinese had an opportunity to re-examine their value systems and act accordingly. The Daoist concept of being in harmony with nature and not struggling to bring about change could be looked at as a peace strategy. This is because wars are naturally fanned by human desire to achieve something that humans feel is of ultimate importance to them. Wars also spring out of humans’ questioning of things and hence inventions of valuable things (which they desire so much). Humans would also like to either wrest from people who wouldn’t like them to possess the valuable items, or fervently protect the items from the people who would covet them. The need for man to change, to improve on things and to have an influence over his environment is a tendency that puts man in contention with the Daoist principle. If people followed Daoism, then they wouldn’t engage in a lot of questioning, which would bring about the escalation or perpetuation of the war. Their social relationships would be smooth, for all of them would be in harmony with nature, which would naturally take its course and not support of war. Daoist leadership would therefore be a laid back kind of leadership, with nature ‘taking care of itself’. The kind of transformation to come out of the society would therefore be premised on the Daoist fact that nature is capable of transforming itself, and man doesn’t have to take steps to interfere with occurrence of events. This however, would be criticized on the premise that change is something to be managed by the human being, by use of his intellect. Daoism as a leadership style would be an aloof kind of leadership, and during the war period, something deliberate had to be done, the solutions to the problems then were not just left to ‘fall from heaven’. To best illustrate this, Barry calls Daoists â€Å"†¦those who wandered off†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (48) Legalism This school of thought argued that strong government depended upon effective institutional structures not just the moral quality of the leaders. This could be described as the application of law for the benefit of the majority. Legalism thus becomes a system of reinforcement, with an emphasis on both positive and negative reinforcement meted out to the members of the society in order to discourage certain socially undesirable behavior according to the majority of people paying allegiance to the society in question (Ebrey & Buckley 23). According to legalism school of thought, society is shaped through its reward system, with socially unacceptable behavior being punished for, with blessings from the social framework that awards certain individuals the power to dish out these rewards, without necessarily being seen to deny one or infringe upon their rights. This may help galvanize a society or community, which will in turn have a more prominent sense of identity and solidarity. Such a stand in a war situation is good for the purpose of gaining victory over the enemy. Legalism is quite an ideal system for bringing the society together in the face of a common enemy. This also gives the ruler the chance to act with speed, since legalism is a system that is responsive to the times; changing with circumstances and accordingly responding to the dictates of the time. War times need an atmosphere where there is quick action and response, and with the foundation that gives legality to what the rulers are deciding on behalf of their subjects. Legalism was therefore, an ideal philosophical grounding for individual Chinese communities during the time of war, for it is a system that can well serve the expedients of war. This comes in the light of the fact that the Chinese had developed government structures bequeath to them by the Chin dynasty, and which lasted for more than two centuries (Barry et al. 145). The structures brought about by the Chin dynasty were important in the realization of the dictates of the legalistic system, which was organized around reward and punishment, and had to have a basis in the common will of the people. Thus, there had to be a person vested with the power to mete out punishment to errant members of the society, while at the same time hand down rewards to those who performed and behaved in accordance with the needs and aspirations of the society. This person also derived mandate from the same common will that requires the people to obey and take reward, both positive and negative, with understanding; since it is for the common good that this is done. It can be argued that legalism is something close to Confucianism, because it comes out of man’s free will. It is a product of social engineering, with a view to bringing about an ideal society; something totally distanced from Daoism, which emphasizes the need to let life just flow, without taking any action to influence one’s environment. Mohism This is a system of universal brotherhood, where everyone on the face of the earth is related to each other, with an obligation to look after one’s kin (Ebrey & Buckley 35). Taken from this very standpoint, this is a perfect doctrine for humanity at any one time, and in this case, for China during the warring times. This is because, as we have noted above, human conflict springs out of differences. These differences, when not solved amicably, lead to war. The inclination to keep some things away from others and to take what is owned by others is a perfect recipe for war. If, in the light of Mohism, all of humanity was to lay a claim on brotherhood, and maintain that doctrine of being each other’s keeper, then the incidence of war would be remote. This is because brotherhood entails harmony and amity. It also presupposes the ability to communicate with each other without necessarily taking to arms. Mohists might not have been comprehensive in their brotherhood matrix. Even though all men are supposed to be brothers, the Mohists’ view of the world is quite hierarchical, with the junior members of the society bearing a social responsibility to be subservient to those who are perceived to be on an elevated social platform. This is a system that would have borne fruit if only the small people accepted it. If however, the common people are not agreeable to this arrangement, then Mohism would be just but another plank of wood in the fire, for they would revolt as a response to this flawed brotherhood arrangement. From a different perspective, Mohism could be taken to be the answer to the perceived social injustices prevalent in China then. Much as one could be the other’s brother, this system sought to cultivate an environment where an individual, after striving for, and accumulating enough superior residues; would acquire a higher status and would lead people. War needs strong willed people, since it carries a lot in terms of collateral damage, both in terms of human life and material possessions. War time also needs utmost sacrifice, so that as brothers, some members of the society do not just sit back and wait for the other people to work out way-through for them. If one is in a lower position, then he has to be obedient and provide for that one who is up. In this way, Mohism comes out as a system that influenced the social set up such that it recognized the need to love each other, and to be ready to stand by each other; while at the same time, not losing the individual. If they were to be juxtaposed, Mohism and Confucianism would relate up to a certain extent. One would easily say that in terms of hierarchy, both Confucianism and Mohism teach about the society in light of inequalities and the need for these to be maintained through proper social decorum. Confucius goes deeper to analyze, at a finer level, the social relations and how they should be handled for the sake of peace and tranquility. Mohists may differ on some of these because of the pedant stand they regard the social hierarchies and how they observe and maintain them. However, it provides a framework for the legitimization of rulership, for a ruler is someone who occupies a place in a hierarchical set up. Legitimacy of a ruler springs out of the acceptance the ruler enjoys from the society. War times need strong leaders who derive legitimacy from their people. In times of war too, a ruler could impose himself on the people, but for as long as he serves to protect them or unite them against the enemy, then his legitimacy may not be much of a problem, since it is in the people’s name that the ruler reigns. This solidarity is best achieved by communities that recognize hierarchy as a natural phenomenon in life, and which Mohists and Confucians upheld in their thought. Conclusion In conclusion, based on personal point of view, the various ideological developments in China which brought about the four schools of thought which have been examined in this paper are a response to certain conditions in the society at the time of their emergence, and that these are mechanism that were crafted so as to manage change. The difference only lies in the points that were stressed. Mohism, for instance, is a system that was conservative to a certain extent, reacting to the possibility of occurrence of a development that could challenge the existing hierarchical status quo. At the same time, it endeavored to foster change in the way people regarded one another, with the small people (the serfs and commoners) fully recognizing and venerating their lords. Confucianism on the other hand, much as it strove for change on the individual level which would later on seep into the entire social fabric of the Chinese, was also a fairly conservative system. Just like Mohism, it posed no threat to the existing powers. It was a system that would be used to bring the people together in times of war, for this was not a time for people to start questioning their authorities. By defending the hierarchical system existent then, the Confucians thought of an alternative leadership style where noble people would get to influence the rulers through their self cultivation. This system almost totally absolved the ruler from responsibility, since the leader had the social privilege of lording it over his subjects without being obliged to observe certain tenets of leadership. It was however incumbent upon the subject to go through the process of self improvement. What would happen if all the subjects had transformed themselves yet the leadership was not together with them? What avenues would they have to really exercise power? Daoism was one way of running away from the human responsibility to respond to change. By letting all systems go, the society would be at a greater risk of falling prey to the dictates of a bad ruler, a coward or one who would sell them to the enemy during this war period, since the Daoist doctrine was all about living and letting live. After considering everything, legalism seems to be the system that would have best defended the particular communities, and even a collection of the communities, for it is a system of action and reciprocation. The common person reacts, and then the system responds by awarding a deserving reward; whether positive or negative.

Reaction paper 6 Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Reaction paper 6 - Article Example The once famous off shoring and outsourcing strategies are not as beneficial to the companies as it used to be. Companies like Ford motors are reconsidering closing their subsidiaries located in the foreign countries (Here, there and everywhere par. 4-15). The reason for this major reorganization is the constantly increasing cost of labor in countries that once provided the cheapest labor in the world. The increasing cost of labor in countries like China deprives the companies that have their existence in China, an opportunity to generate high revenues. Second, most companies have realized that it is highly risky to produce in a foreign country away from the major market target. The disadvantage this creates is a low response to the change in consumer needs due to the extended time between acquiring the information and implementing a strategy to respond to the consumers needs. This renders most companies less competitive. Third, the off shoring has another side effect that is the increased transportation cost due to shipments made over a long distance. Fourth, the distance proved to destabilize the supply chain of most companies. The named emerging pitfalls of off shoring have forced most companies to move their operating location bac k home. This major reorganization also applies to the service industry. This trend is likely to cause an explosion of job opportunities in the U.S, thus increase the employment rate. Therefore, the U.S job market could run short of employees in the short-term (Here, there and everywhere par. 4-15). There is a heated debate about the effect of technology on employment. Some argue that the increasing sophistication in the technological environment reduces the level of employment as computers and robots replace human labor. This section of people justifies their point by sitting the increase in productivity levels in the U.S while the unemployment rates decrease. Another section of people with a

The Issues with Infrastructure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Issues with Infrastructure - Research Paper Example Unfortunately, the need to build new infrastructure comes at a time when we are dealing with economic deficit. The paper will look into account, the major issues with our infrastructure, including effects of terrorism and natural disasters, funding for departments and new policies aimed at involving private sector in building the new infrastructure. Terror attacks have come up as a new threat against our society and security has emerged as a primary factor to be embedded in our current infrastructure. Security has new found priority, in particular after September 11 attacks. We had to make severe changes in different sectors of infrastructure to reduce the threat. One such example can be seen at airports. Increased traffic has caused congestion at most airports and they have become exceedingly crowded places along with aging infrastructure including runways. Security measures have contributed towards the problem and we see installments of new scanners and surveillance equipment all a round. They have opened up a new fundamental requirement for security and eaten up heavy investments. Terror threats have changed the normal procedures to security centric setup and have left a footprint on the old infrastructure that is modified to incorporate security features. The infrastructure in place for natural disaster includes early warning systems to give government a chance of implementing safeguards. Besides these monitoring systems, rescue teams are elaborately tasked and standard operating procedures for each are very well defined.

Animal Human Cultures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Animal Human Cultures - Essay Example The proponent tries to elaborate this by pointing that humans could actually take advantage of whatever benefits they could substantially exploit from their pets. Keywords: pet keeping, animal companionship, pet, animals â€Å"The keeping of animal companions in the contemporary West is undoubtedly an exercise of domination. Despite this, different kinds of relations are possible† (Cudworth, 144). Discuss. Introduction The keeping of animal companion is a form of domination because humans are superior to any other life forms on earth with respect to different aspects. There is a significant gap, or indifference between humans and animals as agreed by Le Guin (1986). When it comes to intelligence, humans are capable of doing substantial number of great things compared to its other animal counterparts. Cudworth (2011) strongly emphasises this point by mentioning how humans could be capable of altering different breeds of pets. For instance, substantial breeds of pets are remarka ble at present. Based on the idea of Franklin (1999), the reason why this could be so it is because having companionship with pets would bring some substantial benefits for humans. In other words, genetic modifications which led to animals to become diversified in their breeds points to the fact that they are not humans in the first place. In other words, humans can take control over them and there could also be many things that they can possibly do with them. Cudworth emphasises that pets are loved because they are not humans in the first place. However, the definition of this love might be a bit problematic because this argument simply has remarkable implications in proving some important relationships existing between humans and animals. Furthermore, this argument proves that affection and love may not be synonymous after all as there must considerations of different contexts in this issue. However, it is obvious that there must be substantial form of relationships existing betwe en humans and animals in the issue of animal companionship. The proponent tries to elaborate this point clearly as possible by applying the arguments of Franklin and Cudworth in line with the issue of animal companionships. Background issue The domestication of animals provides many important things. In fact, this is the point in which humans can maximise everything out of domesticating or taking control over animals. For Cudworth this could involve having affection with them despite the very presence of domination. However, Franklin tries to include the point in which this specific affection addresses ontological insecurity. This ontological insecurity comes after the loss of paternal welfare due to market individualism in 1960s (Franklin, 1999). The keeping of animal companions boils down to the fact that humans could take care of their pets with them due to some elemental reasons. So it could be that the domestication itself is a way to orchestrate better interaction between huma ns and animals for the benefit of the former. It is true that the keeping of animals in the contemporary West is a form of domination but according to Cudworth (2011), there is affection involved in it. It is important to consider in great detail what this affection particularly means. As for the argument of Franklin, there could be essential relationship that exists in keeping animals as companions. However, his entire argument includes the major points about the benefits

Business Ethics Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Ethics - Research Paper Example While doing any business, it is needed that no laws are violated. Organizations should not rely on auditors, cops, manuals or ethics officers to incorporate ethics into the strategic activities, as values need to be a key component while formulating a strategy. Transparency should always be observed. Moreover, employee development should be one of the key objectives incorporating ethics as its important constituent – encouraging all staff members to be demanding as far as the ethical domain is concerned. While assessing organizational performance at the end of the year, ethical behavior – that how it fared with others should be an important criterion. Although it is widely recognized by most corporations to incorporate social responsibility and ethical behavior in their day-to-day functioning, yet it is commonly observed that even large corporations have been often found flouting it. That means companies overstep ethical boundaries while fulfilling stakeholders’ agendas. The case of Nestle is worth elaborating here. Nestle launched free distribution of baby milk powder in some of the African countries – making mothers dependable on Nestle’s infant formula until the time their milk dry up. This is essentially to promote their milk formula and increase their consumption. This is surely an unethical way to promote the company business in poor African countries. Unethical business practices came into limelight when the New Internationalist exposed Nestle’s unethical business practices, a way back, in 1973. Nestle run elaborate publicity campaigns in third world countries where there is a huge market for baby milk powder. The campaign also aimed at changing cultural habits of the people such as breastfeeding to increase their sales. The unethical marketing practices of Nestle prevented breastfeeding to millions of infants causing malnutrition, underfeeding and making them prone to deadly diseases. As per James Grant, the Exe cutive Director of UNICEF, breastfeeding could have saved lives of hundreds of thousands of infants in the 1980s (New Internationalist, 1982). Wal-Mart is known as the largest retailer across the world; however, the point to be noted is how the company can behave so unethically towards its employees. In 2000, Deborah Shank, a 52-year old employee at Wal-Mart, got collided with a semi-trailer while at work and damaged her brain remaining in a wheelchair for the rest of her life. She received $700,000 as the compensation from the trucking company. After meeting other expenses, a fund of $417,000 was kept in a special trust to take care of Shank. However, after the period of six years, Wal-Mart sued Deborah for $470,000 that the company had spent on her treatment because the employment contract dictated that any compensation granted to an employee in an accident settlement case would belong to Wal-Mart. Deborah's economic status suddenly became precarious – fully dependent on so cial security scheme and Medicaid to meet her medical needs. In this particular case, Wal-Mart's behavior was entirely unethical towards Deborah who was the company’s ex-employee (Hynes, 2011). Union Carbide, a large multinational company in 1980s (later taken over by Dow Chemical), is another glaring example of gross unethical business practices – violating all statutory safety norms that resulted into leakages of Methyl isocyanate, a deadly poisonous gas, killing

How Important to Medieval Society Were the Religious Orders Essay

How Important to Medieval Society Were the Religious Orders - Essay Example However, the most striking feature of middle age is that people were organized in different religious groups known as religious orders. Some of the religious orders of this period include the crusades, Knights Templar, Benedictines, Franciscans, Dominicans, Augustinians, and Cistercians. This paper seeks to explore the importance of religious orders to the medieval society. The lives of people during the middle ages revolved around religion, especially the Catholic Church, which was the dominant church during the time. Accordingly, the Catholic Church was the only church in Europe. Therefore, all the laws and important roles in the government were left at the hands of the church leaders like bishops and archbishops. Research also indicates that the Pope had immense powers during this time to the extent that he could excommunicate a king for misdeed. As earlier stated, religion had a great influence on every aspects of human live during this period. However, people organized themselves around religious groups known as religious orders, which played an important role economically, socially, culturally and politically . The religious orders had profound impacts on the economy of Western Europe in the medieval era. Research indicates that the society of Western Europe in the medieval times were largely agrarian with a population consisting of tillers of land, which was the basis of wealth creation and political power. The manor was the basic unit of such a society. The manor in this case refers. to the agricultural land reserved to a lord. The manor mainly consisted of peasants whose main duty was to till the land for the lord’s benefit. However, since religion dictated how everything was to be done, lands where crops are grown were being cultivated in accordance with the three-land system5. The religious orders, especially the Benedictine played a leading role in ensuring that the society become food sufficient and economically stable. This is particularly evident with the Benedictine in the 12th century France, where the need to feed, clothe and house the monks increased the need to have a s table economy with enough food surplus, decent shelter and clothing. In this regard, the Benedictine monk ensured people ploughed land and engaged in productive activities to ensure that society has enough food.

Marketing segmentation Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Marketing segmentation - Assignment Example ifferent segments of a business’s target market will need different products, and this means that the management should ensure that there are strategies in place to see that need s of all consumers are met. Consumers will also be willing to pay different prices for products, and this means that segmentation will help in determining the right price for the right target group. Consumers can also be reached through different medium in different places and segmentation will help in deciding the outlets that best suits the different customers. Lastly, consumers will react differently to promotion and the management should know the right promotion strategies to capture specific target groups. Segmenting characteristics are important as they will help the business in knowing how to segment their target market. Behavioral segmentation enables an organization to determine the benefits consumers want from the product and how they use the product. Demographic segmentation will help an organization is determining the how factors such as age, ethnicity, gender and other demographic features affect consumer choices (McDonald & Dunbar, 2004). Geographic segmentation will help in determining where consumers are located, how to reach them and what products they will need based on their location. Psychographic segmentation will enable an organization to know what consumers think, what they value, and how they live their lives, and this will help in determining the right product. Market segmentation is crucial as it will enable organizations to focus their products on a group that is predicted to bring maximum profitability. Target segmentation will enable a business to distinguish itself from competitors by attending to a group that other competitors have not yet established. This in turn translates to increased revenues because resources are not wasted on unproductive

Plato’s Crito Essay Example for Free

Plato’s Crito Essay To justify Socrates’ decision to stay in prison according to the law and obey even the unjust punishment that was given to him by his accusers or to escape from the prison is an issue that has been for debates for long. Socrates was sure to obey the law and accepted the punishment of drinking the poison. Here Plato wants to give the laws its own voice and discriminate it as a separate distinctiveness, trying to make it something close to human where it is believed that Socrates’ punishment is unjust. By going through the dialogues between Socrates and Crito, I disagree with Crito and believe that Socrates as right in abiding by the law and accepting the punishment of drinking the poison. Socrates had his own philosophy and reasons in going by the law and Crito tried his best to persuade him to escape from the prison. Argument between Socrates and Crito Crito said that by accepting the unjust punishment Socrates was in fact siding with his accusers for which Socrates replies that if he escapes from the prison he will be acting against the just law and also against people. He said that if the laws are just and people unjust and both give out the same decision then he must obey the law even if it is ot justified humanly. He was not willing to side against the people because people were his strength and he had accepted the punishment for them. Crito does not believe that if Socrates does not abide by the law it will lead to social destruction and says that a single proceed of noncompliance would be negligible when compared to the justified movements by Socrates in future. Socrates speaks honestly and in a straightforward manner and also indicates Crito that he might face some problems after his death. Socrates gave a new way of belief to philosophy. His teachings are still inspiring for lots of scholars and many philosophers were influenced by his views. Socrates believed in justice and for this he even offered his life. According to his friends and followers the punishment he received was morally wrong but Socrates believed that roaming about from town to town would bring him nothing and he was not ready to disobey the law as the law of Athens had protected him throughout his life. There are moral authorities and their principles should be first and foremost based on protecting human rights. Socrates believed that justice was good and good can be accomplished with the help of self-knowledge by anyone. Socrates was punished because of a social contract, which he himself had accepted and according to that he had to abide by the law and accept the punishment. In fact this idea of a contract between an individual and the entire legal system has a great impact on the modern political system and the world even today. There are some rights as well as duties of people in society towards it and the ‘social contract’ here refers to the unishment Socrates received and his belief in abiding by the law because he said that law is just. He believed that man should do ‘good’ even to his enemies and also that knowledge leads to goodness in man. Plato states Socrates views that ‘morality based on absolute truth or rules is probably not adaptable to practical situations’. Socrates also believed that a good man never harmed anyone and advised wrong doers to find cure of their evil ways and become good. The only thing is that one should try and change self and this is attained through self-knowledge.

Thailand environment, crime and disease

Thailand environment, crime and disease Thailand Environment, Crime and Disease While Thailand has come a long way in the past few decades, it still has quite a long ways to go as far as development. Crime and disease are still prevalent, and through its development in its economy, and culture, they face new environmental problems. Globalization has brought many positive aspects to Thailand and to its development as a country; however it has had its negative effects. The prime negativity to Thailands development is the harm to its environment. Being an export-dependent country, their development relied heavily on the increased production of the exports resulting in a lowered water and air quality (heightened pollution), and a loss of natural habitats. To counter this affect of industrialization and urbanization, the country and citizens have created multiple organizations, and policies to fight the negative affects to their environment. However, the speed at which these things are being implemented is much slower than that of the growth of industrialization in their economy. The air pollution in Bangkok even became two and a half times the standards set by the World Health Organization (Thailand). Thailand has an abundance of resources, both for production, and the possibility of renewable resources, to combat pollution, and harming the land with food production. However, while there have been efforts made to fight for the environment, they see multiple barriers to progress some of them being a lack of actual implementation, and enforcement of policies, and a lack of financing to implement a strong utilization of their renewable energy resources (Uddin 2010). Crime is another occurrence that Thailand still needs to fight through its development. Currently, the two main crimes facing Thais are human trafficking, and extreme violence stemming from protests in the streets of Bangkok over the political dispute. As far as human trafficking, Thailand is a source, a destination, and a pass-through route for human trafficking of men, women and children. Thai women and children are sent to â€Å"Japan, Malaysia, South Africa, Bahrain, Australia, Singapore, Europe, Canada and the United States for sexual and labor exploitation†. Some Thailand natives are actually coerced to leave Thailand and move to Taiwan, Malaysia, US or the Middle East by some job recruiting agency, however, the individuals rack up a large debt to these agencies, and are then forced into â€Å"involuntary servitude†. Women are even trafficked within Thailand, from the north/Northwest to the areas capital, Bangkok, for the purpose of becoming sex slaves. However, t he human trafficking, especially within Thailand itself, is decreasing due to an increased effort to implement preventative programs, and more economic opportunities for the women of Thailand. Those who are trafficked into Thailand typically come from â€Å"Burma, Cambodia, Laos, Peoples Republic of China, Russian and Uzbekistan†, and are women and children for the purpose of labor and sexual purposes. The typical labor jobs those Trafficked to Thailand â€Å"take† involved begging or fishing. As a combat against this horrible crime, Thailand has created many places and organizations for those who are adversely affected by human trafficking, whether it be a need for psychological help after abuse they may have incurred through the process, or a need for a place to stay, Thailand has plenty of resources. These programs provided mostly by the International Organization for Migration can provide shelter, healthcare, and food to those climbing out of their abusive situatio ns from human trafficking, attempting to create a better life for themselves (HumanTrafficking.org). The other Tier of hardship Thailand faces it the fight against HIV/AIDs within their community. Not only is it being passed from person to person in heterosexual relationships, but it is being passed from mother to child during pregnancy and/or breastfeeding. To combat this disease, Thailand officials have created multiple processes and programs to help control this epidemic. One of the methods involves the collection of blood donations. Thailand used to pay individuals, who gave blood, but they have gotten rid of any monetary benefit from giving blood, and those who do donate must be tested for HIV prior to their blood being accepted. Additionally, there have been multiple campaigns including â€Å"100 percent condom campaign†, to promote the use of condoms in all relationships, considering the high rate of HIV from commercial sexual activity that occurs in Thailand with their young male community. HIV contracted from mother to child has currently infected 30,000 children, an d resulted in 7,500 AIDS cases in children. Without preventative measures, 3,000 of the 10,000 children born at risk of contracting HIV through their mothers would be infected per year. The Ministry of Public Health of Thailand has taken an interest in this unfortunate epidemic. Some of the processes this group has implemented are HIV screenings after birth for both mother and child, and advising against breastfeeding for HIV positives mothers (Kanshana 2004). In addition to globalization playing a role in the environment, disease and crime in Thailand, they also play a large role in the globalization and development of Thailand. As previously stated, with the globalization came a long period of industrialization for the economy of Thailand, but due to this, it has harmed the land that they depend on for over 70% of their GDP. This will make it harder to keep up with the growth of their economy (Uddin 2010). With globalization comes knowledge, which has led Thais to realize the benefits to a democracy, instead of the constitutional monarchy they are currently led by. The past few months have been marked by protests between the yellow (those in support of the current political climate) and red shirts (those who are protesting the current political state). The protestors are voicing their disagreement with the government being overtaken after the progression of their political process to have an elected official, and returning to a monarchy by political force. They are currently experiencing the â€Å"worst political violence† that they had ever seen in more than twenty years. On April 10th, 2010, the non-violent protests were combated â€Å"with tear gas, gunfire, and explosions†. Prime Minister Abhisit Vejjajiva, who the protestors are calling to resign and allow an elected official to run office, states that he chose to use force on the protestors so that the government di d not appear weak. Even though the activities of the protestors were completely peaceful, the fact that they had gone on for three days with no signs of receding in their protesting effort seemed to be enough for the government to react violently (Mydans 2010). So while globalization brings many positive factors into an economy experiencing growth and development from an otherwise poverty-stricken, undeveloped state, there are many negative factors that the country must combat to continue on their road to further development and success. It seems as through the efforts are there, and they are progressing as a country, but a stronger, more wide-spread effort needs to be made in order for any implementations to stick, and have a true long-lasting affect on Thailand and their community. References HumanTrafficking.org | Thailand. (n.d.). HumanTrafficking.org: A Web Resource for Combating Human Trafficking in the East Asia Pacific Region. Retrieved May 2, 2010, from http://www.humantrafficking.org/countries/thailand Thailand. (n.d.). Thailand. Retrieved May 2, 2010, from http://www.worldbank.or.th/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/EASTASIAPACIFICEXT/THAILANDEXTN/0,,menuPK:333302~pagePK:1411 MYDANS, S., FULLER, T. (2010, April 11). Thai Protesters Repulse Troops; Gunfire and Explosions Erupt in the Streets. Urban Studies, p. 6. Kanshana, S., Naiwatanakul, T., Simonds, R. J., Amornwichet, P., Teeraratkul, A., Culnane, M. et al. (2004). Monitoring and evaluating the national program to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in Thailand. New Directions for Evaluation, 2004(103), 117 128. Uddin, S. N., Taplin, R., Yu, X. (2010). Towards a sustainable energy future—exploring current barriers and potential solutions in Thailand. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 12(1), 63 87. TOPIC COMMENTS Points Content Impact of issues on economy/development of country discussed: 65 points Issues: environment, crime, disease Research synthesized into conclusion and implications for continued globalization discussed. 35 points Mechanical errors: (1 point deductionf or first 2, 1 point deduction for each additional) up to a 10 point deduction APA format and references: Format: up to 5 point deduction Ref: 2 point deduction for sources that are not academically acceptable. If you have difficulty with APA format, the following website is one that offers examples that should be helpful: http://www.dianahacker.com/ resdoc/social.html Overquoted deduction (no more than 10% of your paper may be quoted material. No submission to turnitin: 3 point deduction

Knighthood and Courtly Love in the Time of King Arthur Essay -- essays

Chivalry was considered to be the code of behavior expected of a knight. It was the conduct, ideas, and ideals of the knightly class of the Middle Ages. It became standardized and referred to as chivalry, a term derived from the French word chevalier, meaning knight. The code urged the knight to be brave, courageous, honorable, true to his word, and loyal to his feudal overlord, and to defend his Church. A knight was truthful, honest, capable, educated, physically fit, noble, sincere, and subservient to the king. A serious violation of these vows could result in a knight being classed as an undignified knight, which was the ultimate insult because of all the hard work that was put into becoming a knight. It made it seem as if all of work was done for nothing. The knights of the middle ages were known for their dedication and devotion in carrying out their duties. Once a knight was given a task of some sort, they were known for unwillingness to quit until the job was done. Most knights were willing to devote their entire lives to the job at hand. Most all knights had a quest in life, and they showed an obsession to accomplish their quest. The quest may be self thought of, or obtained from someone else, but either way the knight took honor and pride in being able to accomplish the quest. In â€Å"Arthurian Romances,† by Chrà ©tien de Troyes, all knights had a duty to protect their country. When a knight approached a situation, he did not attack the other party until he had warned them. His place in the feudalist system involved other workers, known as vassals, to do his bidding. They suited him up in his armor and readied his horse and weapons. Knighthood was only developed for the man because women are only seen as maidservants. Authority felt that a woman could not possess all the qualities of a knight, so they were put to work as maids. The only women who had high ranks in the feudalist system were those who were married to the noble ranks In â€Å"The Story of the Grail,† de Troyes looks at knighthood from the naive perspective of a young boy, Perceval, who had a dream of becoming a knight. In his own way, he became one. He learned the techniques and attitudes of a knight that greatly influenced his performance. Perceval wanted to obtain all the qualities of a good knight, also ... ...ry because of how he allowed a love for this unfeasible woman to blind him. The queen was so nasty to Lancelot, yet he took it and dealt with it assuming that his love for her was reciprocal. Chrà ©tien de Troyes and Marie de France both had unique ways of showing what knighthood and courtly love were about. De Troyes was a little harder on courtly love than de France had been, but both had specific ideals that they wanted to be brought to the pages in order to teach others about chivalry. All in all, the love that was portrayed between Guigemar and the queen was one that seemed to be full of hope and joy. The love de Troyes portrayed between Lancelot and Guinevere was a love that seemed to not even exist except in Lancelot’s mind. Courtly love was an important aspect in the time of knighthood and chivalry. Courtly love made all the battles and heartaches seem worth it in the end, as long as it worked out for the two lovers it included. Works Cited de Troyes, Chretien. "The Story of the Grail." Arthurian Romances. Ed. William W. Kibler. London: Penguin Books, 1991. 381-494. de France, Marie. â€Å"Guigemar.† The Lais of Marie de France. 30-59.

To be a counselor :: essays research papers

When coming to camp as a camper and a CIT, the two things that left the most lasting impression on me were having good times with people that I love and learning to live a more Christian life. I know that I am far from perfect, but I hope that I can be an example to my campersand show them by my actions how to live the Orthodox way. Even in the little things like leading evening prayers as a cabin, or being a guide as to what is appropriate to say or do, I pray that I will be able to show my campers how to best enjoy their time at the Village, and grow as Orthodox Christians. As a counselor, I anticipate being a member of an awesome group of people who can count on each other to assist in performing the tasks of the job, and to be there for one another whenever they need it. When I recently attended the OCF College Conference at the Village, I saw that a lot of the people who were counselors over the summer had become best friends and would do anything for each other. I couldn’t even begin to imagine what that must feel like since I was only at camp for two weeks while they spent nine or more weeks together building this unbreakable bond. I want to be able to be a part of that bond and offer everyone else on staff that same love, trust, and fellowship that they all share. If I become a counselor and I can accomplish the things I have just talked about with regards to the campers and the other staff, I believe that I will get everything I want out of my experience. I want to be closer to God. Where else can I go to be with hundreds of other Orthodox Christians who all want to help each other live the

Impact of Pulp Magazines on American Culture Essay -- Expository Essay

Impact of Pulp Magazines on American Culture â€Å"The story is worth more than the paper it is printed on.† Frank Munsey’s words symbolized the history of the pulp magazine. Frank Munsey started the pulp magazine craze with his first magazine, the Argosy, in 1896. The Argosy was a revamping of his children’s magazine, the Golden Argosy, shifting its focus from children to adults. The Argosy offered large amounts of fiction for a low price, because these stories would be printed on cheap pulpwood scraps, thus gaining the name ‘pulp magazine’. The pulp magazine has been a part of American history for well over a hundred years. During the late 1890’s, there was a period of high immigration. These immigrants and other working poor had no source of inexpensive literature, and this led to the development of the pulp magazine. Pulp magazines held a collection of stories in every issue, serialized so that in the following issue the next chapter of the story would appear. Since the first pulp ma gazine’s success, the Argosy, other magazines spawned, such as All-Story and Weird Story, and sinc...

College degree

Therefore, a university degree is not always the only way to become successful in life; in fact, a lot of people without one have achieved their goals through hard work and sacrifice, a stroke of luck, and a college degree does not reflect the real knowledge of a person Success in business or in life, does not always depend on a university degree that someone can get; in fact, If people work hard and make a lot of sacrifices can be successful without one. A degree it is not necessary to start a company from scratch, and If people work hard, they will achieve their goal.For example, most of the famous fast food restaurants, started from little restaurants managed by people who barely finished school. Also people with a clever and Orlando Idea can be really talented even if they never finished university. For instance, Bill Gates, the owner of Microsoft, and the world's wealthiest person, did not finish his studies at Harvard university, because he decided to work in his projects on co mputer sciences and software development. Finally, another key to success is to never give up and continue working spite the problems and this is a virtue that is not learned in college.In particular, when Apple was almost bankrupt they continued working, and now this is one of the biggest companies around the world and is worth millions of dollars. For these reasons, if a person works hard, he/she can achieve his/her goals without a university degree. Life Is not Just studying and working for long hours, be devoted to the Job or as people say a workaholic, are not the only options: indeed, sometimes it is necessary something else, and a stroke of luck is another way to success if a person does not eave a degree.It is really common that people have a special skill, but maybe they do not know about it, and with just a stroke of luck they can discover it. Most of the time they discover it accidentally, and this changes their lives. Therefore, some sportsmen never imagined how good the y were until they started practicing that sport; and that is how they became recognized and a lot of them did not have to study to achieve this. Secondly, people can inherit a lot of money and property, and they will not have to make too much effort In life, or spend long years at university to make their reams come true.In particular, most bankers around the world inherited all their fortune from their females and continued In the business without setting foot In college. Something very similar Is when a person wins the lottery, and does not need to study in order to progress in life. In brief, success in life is not always related to paper that a person receives when he/she graduates does not always reflect the real knowledge of that person, and is not the only key to achieve goals in life.In university there are many subjects and courses about a lot of topics related with the profession, UT there is not subject that teaches student how to apply that knowledge in real life, so all those years in the university are not a guaranty of success. In fact, most professionals have a lot of problems in the first years after graduation, even some of them will never be able to apply all the things they learned. In addition, a university degree does not mean that this person leaned all that he/she needs when they become professionals and those things can be learn outside the university or Just with experience.For example, someone may have a degree but it could have been oaten illegally or without attending to many subjects, so they will not have all the necessary knowledge. Finally, a lot of people are born with skills and facilities for business and administration, and they do not need to attend college. In contrast, some people may have a masters degree or even a PhD but without the ability to manage a company. In summary, a university degree is not a security that people have the capacity to successful in life. In conclusion, success in life does not depended on a un iversity degree.People who ark hard and strive a lot can achieve their goal even if they never got a degree. Moreover, a lot of people have become successful Just because they have a stroke of luck, and for this they did not need to attend college or study a career. Finally, attending to a university does not mean that the person will be completely qualified and able to develop professionally, so that degree is not a guaranty that this person will successful. Therefore, people can be successful in life and able to achieve their goal without getting a university degree.

Police and Justice Professionals Roles

What is the role of a criminal justice professional? There are numerous amounts of roles that a criminal justice practitioner plays. Depending on which section of the criminal justice system you are certified in, your studies ensures your specialty in your career field. In this particular essay, we will focus on the key social issues contributing to the service of the criminal justice practitioners, the role of the criminal justice professionals serving needs, and how the key social issues impact the role of the criminal justice professionals along with examples.There are numerous amounts of key social issues contributing to the need for criminal justice practitioners. The three main issues that we are going to discuss are sex offenders, drug abuse, and gun control. The first key social problem is sex offenders. When you are a sex offender, the law in the state you reside in requires you to be registered in the system and allow the public to know where you live and what kind of offen se you made (Perlam 2006. ). An example of a sex offender is someone such as an adult, adolescent, or toddler having consensual or nonconsensual sex with someone under the age of eighteen or in better words a minor.Having a sex offender living in your community might not appear to be a good thing for your schools and home, but with individuals being registered allows people in the community to be aware of them. This effects the community as a whole and the offender as an individual. The next key social problem that world has to regret is drug abuse. Drug abuse is an issue that causes a need for a criminal justice practitioner in several different ways. This subject can be very broad, therefore, we will discuss this as a whole.Drug abuse is a major social problem and it is a physical pain that a person inflicts upon themselves intentionally and unintentionally while under the influence. Drug abuse leads to life threatening addictions and can also potentially kill a person, which ther efore causes for a need of a criminal justice professional in this particular category to promote abstinence of narcotics and prevent these individuals from serving the rest of their lives behind bars. When a person abuses drugs, they do not see their problem as an issue. A criminal justice professional roles comes in place and help drug abusers in many differenceways such as, sending them to rehabilitation centers or helping them seek medical treatments. Drug abuse influence violence and others to become addicts as well in our communities. The last key social problem is gun control. In the United States Constitution, the Second Amendment states, â€Å"The right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringes. † Therefore we all have a right to bear arms when we are of the right age and are licensed to do so (Reuters 2013. ) Not everyone with a gun is a criminal, yet there are people out there that are not responsible with handling a gun.The Second Amendment is of ten violated and abused based on the sum of suicides, homicides, and other crimes that involved the use of a fire arm. Criminal justice professionals roles are strongly needed to influence gun control. According to Henderson from USA Today, they are to stop violence and help the society feel safe when people use guns responsibly. The role of the criminal justice professional is serving individuals personal needs as well as a societies needs as a whole. Criminal justice professionals are responsible for defending and helping American nations while punishing and rehabilitating offenders (Cook, 2006.) As far as a professional serving an individual matter, an attorney is to prosecute or defend an offender. The attorney is to find the truth for their client, help place the right person in prison, and fortunately set innocent people free. When society is being represented by a professional, they are committed to promoting safety and protecting communities regarding to fire arm control. Ho w do problems impact the roles of a criminal justice professional? Depending on the type of circumstance, not having enough evidence, the lack of witnesses, and police corruption can influence a professional in a variety of ways to affect their duty.In reference to Captain Dean Harper of Meridian, Mississippi police department, â€Å"It's really hard to work an investigation when people will not come forward and speak to the police. † As a result, the guilty are terrorizing our neighborhoods and justice is not served. Also the lack of evidence is parallel to not having a witness regarding to the role of the criminal justice profession. Evidence may take the form of having reliable DNA, a witness testimony, or even a trail of sufficient elements that may be reliable to a judge and jury.Lack of evidence can unfortunately terminate a person's legal case, resulting in a motion to dismiss due to the party of opposition being unable to prove their half (Conjecture Corporation. ) Al so authority abuse is a major factor for criminal justice profession success. As a result, police corruption lose the trust of the community and influence citizens’ retaliation. According to the California Innocence Project, police corruption could be police harshness, deceit, deception, compulsion, and sexual misconduct. All of these examples can cause for a mistrial, wrongful conviction, and shows the world that our judicial system cannot be trusted.In conclusion, the role of a criminal justice practitioner have many different obligations in serving the nation. With all of the issues that they have to deal with, they are needed to help protect society and maintain law. In order to do their duty as a professional, every job comes with obstacles that impact their personal affairs as well as their morals. Their role is significant and will be needed forever. Throughout this essay we’ve discussed the roles of a criminal justice professional and how social and individual issues impact their role as ambassadors of the law.

Characteristics of Modern English Drama Essay

Godot’s 60th: The University of Reading archive shows the first night Pic: Roger Pic So why are we still waiting for Godot? How has Samuel Beckett’s play grown from a tiny avant garde performance in Paris to become part of the West End theatre coach party circuit? It’s 60 years since Samuel Beckett’s play Waiting for Godot received its premiere in the Theatre de Babylone in Paris. The first public performance, in its original French form of En attendant Godot, drew an audience of high-brow Parisians, taking in the latest experimental theatre. â€Å"All the thousands who claimed they were there could never have been at the premiere. There weren’t enough seats,† says James Knowlson, Beckett’s friend and official biographer. They also couldn’t have realised that this play, beginning its shoestring-budget run on 5 January 1953, was going to be seen as one of the pivotal moments in modern drama. International appeal So why has Waiting for Godot proved so durable? How has Beckett’s work outlasted the other iconoclasts and angry young writers of the 1950s and 1960s? â€Å"I would suggest the answer lies in its ambiguities. So much is suggested rather than explicitly stated,† says Prof Knowlson. A programme from Godot’s first setting at the Theatre de Babylone in Montparnasse, Paris â€Å"People can read into it what they want to read into it.† This openness to interpretation has helped the play to avoid becoming dated, he says. For a play that’s about the passing of time, it’s curiously timeless. It asks all the big philosophical questions – about life and death and the uncertain purpose of what goes on in between – but in a way that isn’t limited to a particular place or era. And the play has acquired a remarkable record for being performed in very different international settings. No disaster or civil strife is complete without its own Godot. It was performed in Sarajevo under siege in the 1990s, in South Africa it was seen as a critique of apartheid and in the wake of Hurricane Katrina a performance in New Orleans was seen as an emblem of the city’s wait for recovery. Inmates in San Quentin prison in California saw it as their own story in a famous production in the late 1950s. Prof Knowlson’s friendship with Beckett has also created a rich and unexpected legacy for his university, the University of Reading, which now holds the biggest archive of Beckett-related material in the world. From the early 1970s, the playwright began giving manuscripts and notes to Prof Knowlson, stuffed into bags, boxes and suitcases. And this Beckett International Foundation has grown to become the definitive European collection for researchers. â€Å"He adopted us,† says Prof Knowlson – although the attention-shunning writer was never persuaded to visit the archive in person. As Waiting for Godot reaches its 60th anniversary, the university has artefacts and pictures from the original performances. ‘Something extraordinary’ It’s also a reminder of how easily the play might not have happened at all. Samuel Beckett at the BBC recording a series of his plays in 1977There were no famous faces or big funders to back the play. Instead it depended on the actor and director Roger Blin to hustle for cash and a venue – and once it had begun it relied on word of mouth for survival. None of the original cast are still alive – and the theatre itself shut down a few years after staging Beckett’s play. In an interview with French television in the 1960s, Roger Blin suggested the initial power of the play. When Beckett showed him the script: â€Å"I said to myself: This is something extraordinary and it must be put on.† Another playwright who was enlisted in the search for funding fervently promised Blin: â€Å"I will defend this play to the death.† It was still proving controversial when the first English version of the play was performed two years later in London, directed by a 24-year-old Peter Hall. Harold Pinter, also then in his twenties, saw Beckett as the the â€Å"most courageous, remorseless writer going†, while reviewer Bernard Levin described Waiting for Godot as â€Å"a remarkable piece of twaddle†. Not a ‘miserabilist’ Prof Knowlson is himself now one of the most important living links with Beckett. Continue reading the main story â€Å" Start Quote He could be very convivial, very witty, very good company, with a great sense of humour† Professor James Knowlson Beckett’s friend and biographer. And he recognises that the continuing interest in Beckett’s writing is wrapped up in the fascination with the enigmatic character of the author. His photogenic alienation has become a kind of literary brand. But Prof Knowlson argues against the view of Beckett as a â€Å"miserabilist†. â€Å"He could be very convivial, very witty, very good company, with a great sense of humour. â€Å"But there was an element of depression and despair that was part of his life, particularly after the war when he was deeply involved in writing the novels.† He says that Beckett’s idea of a happy Christmas would have been a solitary occasion. â€Å"He would have been preferably on his own and writing. He hated that kind of thing.† The underlying humour is also part of the continuing appeal of Waiting for Godot, he argues. It’s often a peculiarly bleak comedy of resistance, but the thread of humour is always there to leaven the gloom. It’s now a commonplace to see Waiting for Godot described as one of the most important plays of the 20th Century – with its reputation gathering momentum rather than fading away. The kind of movie actors who would have reached the career point of wanting to be in King Lear now want to shuffle across the stage in Godot. Design conscious A key reason for this growing resonance with audiences, Prof Knowlson says, is the visual appeal. Beckett’s strong images appeal to a design-conscious, visually-literate culture. â€Å"They have this strong visual element. I’ve become much more conscious of the filmic quality.† A handbill advertising the first run of Waiting for Godot Prof Knowlson says that he increasingly believes there is a direct link between the plays and Beckett’s interest in painting. â€Å"He was passionately involved in painting, not just that he loved to be with painters, but he was a real expert on 17th Century Dutch painting.† â€Å"He knew these pictures so well, he was so engrossed in these scenes. It seems to me that these pictures are really echoed in Waiting for Godot.† Beckett’s life was changed by the success of Godot – the international impact of the play helped him to win the Nobel Prize for Literature. His publisher John Calder also recalled how the enigmatic Godot could haunt his creator. He recounted how he had once met an anxious Beckett getting off a flight at Heathrow airport. When the plane doors had closed on the runway in Paris, Beckett had heard the loudspeaker announcing: â€Å"Captain Godot welcomes you on board.† â€Å"I wondered if my destiny had caught up with me at last,† Beckett had told his publisher. The Beckett International Foundation at the University of Reading will hold a series of seminars on Samuel Beckett and Waiting for Godot in April 2013.

Historical Places in India Essay

Sundar Palaniappan is an aspiring photographer who loves to visit temples and other historical places in India. Since web, is the universal media to which people around the globe either visit to gather knowledge or to keep in touch with their close friends and relatives, I would like to avail the power of web, by putting the photos of temples and other historical places of India. Since web allows people to publish ideas and other useful information, I decided to flaunt my ability of photography by displaying photos of temples and other historical places of India. Since, a large population of Indian origin lives outside India, who may love to visit India but because of the unavailability of the resources (especially time) not able to visit the temples and other places of interest in India. I hope that Sundar Palaniappan’s pages could serve as an alternative to quench the thirst (or form a base) of visiting these temples and other historical places of India. I basically visit these temples and historically important places on tight budget but spend lot of time there. Being a guy from a busy town of Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, these occasional tours, bring blissfulness to the mind and the soul. Trekking adventure Apart from being an aspiring photographer, Sundar Palaniappan loves to do trekking in the Himalayan Ranges and other mind-boggling treks in Garhwal and Kumaon regions of Uttarakhand, HimachalPradesh, Sikkim and Nepal. Some of the photo galleries of India Sundar Palaniappan’s interest in the art of photography took him to Hampi ( VijayaNagar ) , Badami, Aihole ( first capital of early Chalukyas ), Pattadakal, Madurai, Kancheepuram, Darasuram, Mahabalipuram and other historical places in India. Apart from improving these images of Temples and other historically important places of India, Sundar Palaniappan is planning to host pictures of other places of India by visiting them. You could find the complete list of galleries in the archives link. Read more:  Why is History Important Essay Cheluva Narayana temple or Thirunarayana temple – Melkote Melkote is located in the Pandavapura taluk of Mandya district, Karnataka, India. It is 51kms from Mysore. Melkote houses an ancient temple Cheluva Narayana ( a.k.a. Thirunarayana ) which is dedicated to lord Vishnu. Reaching from Mysore One could catch a direct bus from KSRTC bus stand Mysore. Otherwise, one could catch the Mysore – Tumkur bus and could reach Jakkanahalli crossing and could catch either a bus or a shared auto-rickshaw. Melkote is 6kms from Jakanahalli crossing. 14 years of stay by SriVaishnava saint – Sri Ramanujacharya Melkote or Melukote (high or superior fort) is one of the principal sacred places in the state. The place is also known as Tirunarayanpura. Early in the 12† century AD the great Srivaishnava saint SriRamanujaCharya stayed here for fourteen years. It thus became a prominent center of the Srivaishnava sect. Hoysala king Vishnuvardhana who had become a follower of Ramanuja charya granted the fertile land as ashta-gramas on the banks of river cauvery. Thirunaryana Temple The Narayana temple (also called as Tirunarayana temple), has a main unit consisting of a garbhagriha and an ardhamandapa amidst a narrow pillared corridor a mahamandapa and a small mukhamandapa all in east – west orientation. There is a large courtyard surrounded by the prakara hall. The main deity of the temple is the beautiful image of CheluvaNarayana ( Vishnu ) of Hoysala workmanship. The utsava murthi which is a metallic image representing the main deity is called Cheluva-pilleraya whose original name was Ramapriya. Vaira-mudi or Vajramukuta A crown set with precious jewels known as Rajamudi was presented to this temple by Raja Wodeyar ( 1578 – 1617 ) of Mysore fame. Krishnaraja Wodeyar III ( 1799 – 1868 ) of same Mysore fame also presented a crown set with precious stones, known as Krishnaraja Mudi. Apart from these crowns, Vairamudi or Vajramukuta, another crown of great value, seems to be older than Raja mudi and Krishnaraja-mudi and it is not known who gave it to the temple. Raya gopura Raya gopura, which is also known as Gopalaraya entrance, is an incomplete structure leading to the hill. It has four tall pillars and has no tower above it. Pattadakal is a small town located in the Bagalkot district of North Karnataka and lies on the banks of banks of the Malaprabha River. Pattadakal is located 22 km from Badami ( aka Vatapi in the ancient times ) and about 10 km from Aihole. Pattadakal ( according to the inscriptions it was known as the Pattada – Kisuvolal during the ancient times ), where the kings of early Chalukyas of modern day Karnataka, used to be crowned, was one of the three great centres of experimentation in temple construction. The other two being Badami and Aihole. It is here that the Rekha – Nagara prasada and Dravida Vimana styles of Indian temple architecture were given their final form. The Papanatha, Kashi Visvesvara, Jambulinga and Galaganatha temples noted for their curvilinear shikhara represent the former style, while Mallikarjuna, Sangameshwara and Virupaksha temples having a square roof of receding tiers, represent the later temple style of Dravidian temple building. The Lokeshwara ( Virupaksha ) and Trailokeshwara ( Mallikarjuna ) built respectively by Lokamahadevi and Trailokamahadevi, the queens of Vikramadithya II, to commemorate the Chalukyan victory over the Pallavas of Kanchi . A brick pillared mandapa of the late Satavahana period ( third – fourth century Ad ) laid bare in front of the Sangameshwara temple in 1970 Ad by the ASI ( Archaeological Survey of India ) marks the earliest attempts to built temples at Pattadakal. The latest one being the Jaina temple of the Rashtrakuta period ( ninth century AD ).

The Future of Nigerian Advertising Industry Essay

The Future of Nigerian Advertising Industry - Essay Example Therefore, current researches and studies in the field of advertising are focused on different strategies and tactics of advertising campaigns. It can be said that in the future brands of Nigeria will look in a different manner. Why? Of course, because of globalization! Such phenomenon as globalization caused many changes even in the most developed and powerful countries. That is why the economy of the countries, which were not considered the powerful players on the global market before, was influenced much and this influence is considered as positive as it brought many new opportunities. The dynamic world of development and rapid changes and outcomes in the world of marketing can lead to shifted paradigms in Nigerian advertising. Thus, it was relevant for the advertising company in the past to develop brand promising name, to provide the process of advertising with control, stability and monopoly; to unite customers and markets etc. All these strategies of advertising could have bee n realized by means of printed media, TV or radio broadcasting. Now, look around and you will see outside billboards, sms informing, Tweet updates and other forms of instantaneous ads! Therefore, nowadays brand values should be considered from another perspective: brand fulfillment, interactivity and transparency, as well as trust, innovations and creative execution. There are different key issues in the concept of brand value. Modern Nigerian advertising companies find it necessary to offer new products and services as the only possible option for brand advancing. Moreover, their primary means of advertising is Internet, online media, social networks etc. Actually, these global innovative and technological changes are caused by an abundant excess of information technologies. Brand people and customers should realize numerous perspectives for outstanding rights for ownership new clothes, goods and services. Online media is a helpful tool to do this. Current strategies of advertising in Nigeria Social media of Nigeria do not provide the customers with relevant information about their firms and products. There is no total transparency and brands often need control. There are different aspects and possible solutions for the market changes in Nigeria. Democratization of technology is a favorable background for technological advancements and innovations realization in the context of advertising. Nigerian advertising market goes global and that is why, it is evident that this market has included some changes. Different technologies are well correlated with CD sales or YouTube promo video ads. Ethical concerns of Nigerian advertising have always meant much. A human-centered approach is one of the most important issues for the Nigerian advertising market. It can be claimed that branding of new services and products in the market of Nigeria are evoking numerous controversies for the products and services’ presentation both locally and internationally (Ekwelem, O kafor, Ukwoma, 2009). According to Jimi Awosika, "no matter what trends potters may have assigned to the shape of the future, the basic fabric of advertising will not change†¦" (Latest news, breaking news, business, finance analysis, comments and views from Nigeria). Brand distribution should be properly analyzed with respect to the current trends and tendencies. Moreover, many things depend on the users of the production themselves.

System analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

System analysis - Essay Example 2-Identify 6 business processes and explain primary responsibility for each process. Describe what data is required and what information is generated by each process. Maybe helpful to do this as a Word table with column headings for business process, person responsible, and data. For this system, the main recommendation relies on the best way of increasing its reliability and availability. In order to increase reliability, the company should adopt security for the system to ensure all the processes are secure and efficient (Shelly et al, p.10). Further, security also proves important since it gives assurance on the availability; hence, the proactivity of the whole system in the numerous transactions taking place. Since the support system is responsible for the proper coordination of business activities, the business should adopt accountability and accuracy. The two are important to ensure that all the required resources are channeled appropriately to all the departments. The company needs to put in place expertise who are responsible for updating the system with any significant information. The ERP system stores large business information regarding all the five organization’s activities. The information stored is used to keep track of business operations in relations to the trends in the market (Shelly et al, p.10). Intuitively, for the company to get quality results it will need to update the system with any relevance change witnessed over a trading

Pamphlet- physiology doc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pamphlet- physiology doc - Essay Example h as cocaine or heroin, measurable changes in brain chemistry and physiology perpetuate the cycle of addiction.† 1 Addictive behavior may be the result of genetic factors even through there may be no contact between the generations through which it is perpetuated. â€Å"Genetic susceptibility to addiction is the result of the interaction of many genes.† 2 Again environmental factors like level of income, education, family status, crime record etc are also relevant factors in the matter. But the significant point that emerges from the research studies is that brain physiology can significantly be altered due to ingestion of drugs. Drug addiction interferes with the natural cycle and brain circuits and ‘neural functions in such a way as to render brain circuits mediating various behavioural effects of these drugs more or less, responsive to those effects.† 3 Serotonin and norepinephrine are considered to be drugs which elevate moods and alters the brain pattern to produce pleasurable sensations. Serotonin is considered to be major mood enhancer and is one of the main constituent in addictive drug groups. The effects of drugs are particularly marked in adolescent years. It is during these teenage years that the frontal cortex of the brain develops during this time, â€Å"a neural network that malfunctions as a consequence of chronic drug-taking, including the prefrontal cortex,† 4 which develops reasoning powers, mental personality development and confidence. The usage of mood enhancing drugs interferes with the natural development of the brain and the prolonged use could cause maldevelopment and stunted growth of this significant part of the brain. Drug addiction could be termed as a â€Å"chronically relapsing disorder† in which the drug addict has an uncontrollable frenzy to consume drugs. 5 It has been found that addict ion interferes with the addicts mental and physical health, impairs his judgment and decision making abilities and could be major cause for

Financial Portfoli analysis & technical analysis ( risk ) Essay

Financial Portfoli analysis & technical analysis ( risk ) - Essay Example However procuring more capital through bond issue is likely to enhance the risk position of the business (Carter & Van Auken, 1990). The returns earned by the firm on the share prices are seen to be highly fluctuating. Returns on equity are also seen to be lower than the returns on bond. This indicates that the company pays off a large amount of its year end profits as interests to bondholders. As a result of the earnings available to shareholders becomes less. It also implies that the company does not earn adequate levels of earnings to cover both interests and tax related expenses. Considering the returns which the form provides to both the shareholders and the investors of bond, majority investors would prefer to invest in the bonds of the company (Reilly & Brown, 2011). Standard deviation essentially measures the deviation from the mean value. In case of the standard deviation values for the equity and bond, it is preferred that the results remain high. When the standard deviation values are high, it would indicate that the returns provided to the shareholders and bondholders are high. From the tabulated results it can be seen that the standard deviation value of returns provided to share holders are lower than the returns provided to the bondholders, indicating that investing in bonds is likely to be more profitable. Variance analysis is essentially the analysis of mean values. The higher the variance, it is predicted that the average value of the data set is high. In case of the variance calculated for the Emirates National Bank PJS stock and bond, it is seen that variance costs in respect of bond are higher than stock. Both covariance and correlation co efficient are adequately low for the company. This is due to the vast difference in the mean values of both the data set procured for stock and bond returns. From the overall analysis it is understood that investing the company’s bond would be more profitable