The Changing Urban Geography of the Inner East End and the City of London Essay Example for Free

The Changing Urban Geography of the Inner East End and the City of London Essay Tower Hamlets have been inhabited for 2000 years, with a detailed history going back to the Roman invasion of 43AD. The world famous Tower of London stands on the River Thames on the western boundary of the borough. It dates from the reign of William the Conqueror in the 11th century and in the past 900 years it has been used as a fortress, royal palace, zoo and state prison. Much of borough was marshland at this time. As London expanded and the pressure for development intensified, the land was gradually drained and reclaimed. A cluster of small communities was established, known locally as the hamlets around the tower which is the origin of the boroughs name. The areas population spread south from Spitalfields and Whitechapel as works to prevent flooding of the Thames allowed many new houses and wharves to be built at Blackwall, Poplar, Shadwell and Wapping. These areas grew as centres of shipbuilding and repair. Lime kilns to make mortar for the building industry were established, giving their name to Limehouse. The construction of Bow Bridge over the River Lee in Henry 1s reign improved access to the tide mills on the east bank. It wasnt until the 16th century that the area really began to thrive. During that century Whitechapel was a bustling suburb of London, becoming a centre for trades, such as metalworking, brick making and tanning, not allowed in the City because of danger, noise and smell. The dissolution of the monasteries by 1536 freed land for building and London grew rapidly. The split between east and west London became marked with the west attracting courtiers, gentry and professional classes and the east the trades, industry and commerce. Shipbuilding spread rapidly along the riverside and became concentrated on the Isle of Dogs. Some say it was so named because Henry VIII exercised his hunting dogs there but it may well have originated from Isle of Docks. Factories and rows of terraced houses consumed the rural landscape of the 18th century, except for pockets of land saved for parks and gardens, in particular, Victoria Park, Stepney Green, Bethnal Green Gardens and Island Gardens, which remain to this day. The maritime character of the hamlets around the Tower was transformed in appearance during the 19th century, with the building of huge warehouses and high walled docks. The West India Dock, which opened in 1802, was the first enclosed dock built on the Thames for cargo handling and within 26 years the East India, London and St. Katharine Docks were all working. As the workshops, docks and factories of East London made a major contribution to the development of London as world trading centre, it was very much at the expense of workers who endured damaging working conditions. Two famous East London strikes played an important part in organising unskilled workers into unions. In 1888, Annie Besant led the match girls at Bryant and Mays factory in Bow, in their fight for better conditions. The following year saw Ben Tillet, Tom Mann and John Burns lead the dockers strike to raise wages to 5d per hour, less than 3p in todays currency. Philanthropists of every description were drawn to the East End. Dr Barnardo trained at the Royal London Hospital in Whitechapel and founded his first home for orphans in Hope Place, Stepney in 1866. The first Ragged Day School was set up in canal-side warehouses at Mile End and is now a museum about the East End and the lives of its children. Salvation Army founder William Booth began preaching on the Mile End Waste in 1865. In 1869 the Baroness Burdett-Coutts built a gigantic covered market called Columbia, in Bethnal Green. Of the many political figures in the boroughs history, George Lansbury Councillor, Mayor of Poplar, Member of Parliament and Leader of the Labour Party from 1931 to 1935 did much to try and improve conditions for local people. Sylvia Pankhurst headed the militant East London branch of the Suffragette movement based on Old Ford Road. The borough is historically famous for providing refuge to those fleeing persecution. In the 18th century, the area was occupied by the silk weavers largely descended from the Huguenot refugees (French Protestants escaping from Catholic persecution in France). A hundred years later, Jews fleeing the pogroms in Eastern Europe founded a thriving community. At the same time, a Chinese community was established in Limehouse as a result of merchant trading. Throughout its history, Tower Hamlets has continued its trend of welcoming people of different faiths and cultures. During the 20th century newcomers from Bangladesh settled in Spitalfields and the surrounding areas, along with Somali and Vietnamese refugees. With its culture and cuisine, the predominant Bangladeshi community gives such life and vitality to the area that it has been dubbed Banglatown. This is in stark contrast to the mid 20th century period when much of the area was destroyed by bombing during the Second World War. The borough suffered more than any other part of London during the war twenty four thousand homes and much of its industry were destroyed. The post war period was also a difficult time as the traditional dock industries fell into rapid decline, leaving substantial areas of land and buildings vacant and derelict. But Tower Hamlets has a history of responding to the demands of time. After several decades of failed schemes and plans, part of the borough (all of the Isle of Dogs and most of Wapping) was designated an economic development zone. As a result the years since 1980 have seen massive expansion of new industries and employment, and an extraordinary landscape-changing transformation has taken place. Empty warehouses have been converted and derelict sites have been replaced by towering office blocks and contemporary housing complexes, many with award-winning glass and steel designs. The borough has altered greatly over the centuries, but much of its history survives today in the original street patterns, place names, architectural heritage and the absorption of people from many different backgrounds into todays growing community. The Tower hamlets were built in 1963 when the boroughs of Stepney, Poplar and Bethnal Green were merged together. This area is nowadays known as the East End of London. The fresh Docklands and Riverside developments are slowly changing the area away from being just a working-class area. For the last 400 years the residents in this area have generally been craftsmen, labourers and those who worked for the richer city dwellers. The Tower Hamlets became an extremely important industrial area, in the unloading, storing and processing of goods coming into London. However the working conditions in these areas have traditionally been very appalling. The major industry during the Second World War in this area was the docks, but the Tower Hamlets were extremely badly damaged during the Blitz. This had a disastrous effect on the docks, and this saw the decline of them. The London City Council produced a post-war rebuilding scheme, even after a huge amount of people had migrated out of the area. This resulted in the area becoming more residential than industrial. The area in the borough contained post-war Edwardian and Victorian terraces, and at this time it was not very aesthetically pleasing, and did not attract a great deal of visitors to the area. The Tower of London however, is a huge place in Britains history dating back to 1067, and holds the Crown Jewels. The Tower Bridge is continually refurbished for the reason that it attracts a huge number of tourists the whole year round. After the closing of the docks, a enormous urban generation took place, which meant that some of the area was rebuilt completely and to a very high standard, an example of this being Canary Wharf, which holds numerous high rise office buildings. There are now also attractive housing developments and a much better service and leisure infrastructure. Spittalfields Spitalfields lies at the heart of the East End of London and is famous for its bustling street markets. Many people are drawn to Spitalfields for the wide variety of eateries found around the markets. Brick Lane is known for its curry restaurants, and with its predominant Bangladeshi community. The area is historically famous for providing refuge to those fleeing persecution. In the 18th century, the area was occupied by the silk weavers largely descended from the Huguenot refugees (French Protestants escaping from Catholic persecution in France). A hundred years later, jews fleeing the pogroms in Eastern Europe, founded a thriving community. Nowhere is the unique history of the area better depicted than in the history of the local mosque. The mosque in Brick Lane has been a place of worship for different faiths for hundreds of years. It was first built as church by the Huguenots but changed use to become a synagogue when a jewish community replaced the protestant population. This shows how the immigrants who came into this area has changed considerably. First it was the Hugenos who came in 1700s to Fournier Street and brought the silk industry with them. They came due to the persecution of French protestants in France in the late 1600s. The Eastern European Jews who migrated in the 1881 due to persecution changed the area to a synagogue, while the Bangladeshis built it into a mosque in the 1950s. By the middle of the 20th century the jewish community had mostly moved on and the building was converted again, this time into a mosque to serve the Bangladeshi community. With its culture and cuisine the Bangladeshi influence gives a cosmopolitan feel to Spitalfields. The influence is so striking that the area has been dubbed Bangla Town. Architecturally, the narrow lanes and alleyways of Spitalfields typify the bustling street life of Charles Dickens London. Spitalfields covered market was built in 1682 and is a fine example of the hamlets architecture. It now houses a lively crafts and antique market with an international and organic The nearby Brick Lane Market developed during the 18th century for farmers selling their livestock and produce outside the city boundary. Today the market offers wide array of fruit and vegetables, clothes and household goods. Petticoat Lane Market is renowned for its clothing and leather goods. To the south of Spitalfields is Whitechapel Road, which is world famous as the only East End street on the Monopoly board. More locally the road is famous for the East London Mosque, The Royal London Hospital and museum and the Whitechapel Bell Foundry. However on the topic of housing, Spitalfields is not of very high standard. The inner city, which is predominantly Bangladeshi, has a very low owner occupation rate, but this has increased dramatically in the last 30 years, showing how much it has come forward in the last few decades in terms of both size and standard. A reason for this is the law introduced which allowed people to buy from the council, which allowed the houses to be refurbished through gentrification. Despite this, Spittalfields is still a rather poor area, with high housing densities, no central heating and other serious characteristics of deprivation. Former Bishops Gate goods yard is a very rundown area and shows the great decline in the area. It has been in decline for the last 25 years and is now used as a car park, which is typical for areas around the area. The new Church on Commercial Street is a strong reflection of the change in land use of the area as a large majority of churches were bombed during the Second World War and this is being redeveloped. As we go further into the city of London away from the East End we see that there are increasing more new office blocks being developed with 10 -12% in Canary Warf and many in Exchange Square. The reason for this is because companies save a lot of money, over 100% in fact making Exchange Square a popular area. Also, because of limited space, the law has come out allowing only British based companies to buy shares so many companies move to London and so land values are increased. Also an illustration of change in land use is Devonshire Square where East India Company Warehouses, which was a major trade company, are being converted into offices. This is unusually not near the docks but reason for its placement is due to the large space available. Also the buildings have had conversion to higher ceilings for air conditioning and cables for IT which again highlights the modernisation of the area. The Guild Hall is the heart of Londons government. It has had a lot of refurbishment since the 12th century and is the wealthiest local authority in Britain. It receives à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½6 million per annum from Natwest Bank from tax. It has responsibility for numerous things such as many open spaces around London (e.g. Burnham Beeches), for hygiene in markets, control of London University and controls part of London and Heathrow. These reasons show how this area of London is so significant and important. A very important wealthy area is the area of Guild Hall. The Big Bang attracted many foreign companies, which brought more wealth into the London economy. Over $450 billion a day pass through London in the foreign exchange which is obviously a huge amount of money, showing London is a very important city of the world. This proves the fact that London is the worlds second largest economic city, and earns $1.8 trillion in stocks shares. One of the reasons for this is because London is in the centre of the worlds time zones, so it open when other leading cities are open, such as New York and Tokyo, which is very advantageous. As well as that, London is the centre of the car manufacturing, which is the world largest manufacturing industry. The stocks and shares began in the Mansion Square, and the Bank of England is also located here. The London Mayors Office is also situated here. We appreciate how much the land use and people in London have changed over time, and the reasons for this actually occurring.

lupus Essay -- essays research papers

What is happening in research?  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many doctors and scientists are investigating the cause and cure of lupus. At medical centres worldwide (including Canada), research has led to improved tests and techniques for diagnosis and better methods for predicting flares. These allow doctors to start treatment sooner, which improves chances for success. As part of research, many centres collect and store patient information and statistics. The results of this data can help doctors and patients make better decisions about treatment of an increasingly wide range of symptoms. This, along with today's advances in technology, the greater awareness about lupus, and the promise of a cure, gives hope to all whose lives are touched by lupus. Lupus Lupus: The disease with 1000 faces! What is lupus?  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lupus is a chronic disease with a variety of symptoms caused by inflammation in one or more parts of the body. It is estimated that it affects more than 50,000 Canadians. Lupus is not contagious and is not related to AIDS or cancer. It belongs in the family of diseases that includes rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, juvenile diabetes, and scleroderma. The most common type of lupus is SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus). It is a complex and baffling condition that can target any tissue or organ of the body, including skin, muscles, joints, blood and blood vessels, lungs, heart, kidneys, and the brain. There are other types of lupus which mainly affect the skin. A few individuals develop drug-induced lupus as a response to some medications used to treat other conditions. These symptoms disappear when the person stops taking the medication. Who gets lupus?  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anyone can: women, men, children. Between the ages 15 and 45, eight times more women than men get lupus. In those under 15 and over 45, both sexes are affected equally. What causes lupus?  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  No one knows for sure. What we do know is that, in lupus, the immune system (the body's defense against viruses and bacteria) is unable to tell the difference between intruders and the body's own tissues. Trying to do its job, it attacks parts of the body, causing inflammation and creating the symptoms of lupus.  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because it occurs most often in women of childbearing age, it seems ... ...ts. Sometimes, x-rays, ultrasound examination and biopsies of organ tissues are needed depending on the symptoms and the organs involved. The ANA test  ¨Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) test is a critical test in the diagnosis of lupus. A normal immune system makes antibodies to fight infection, but in those with lupus, the immune system makes antibodies against its own tissues. If you have lupus, you make an antibody directed against the nucleus of a cell that contains important cellular functional components such as DNA. Almost all systemic lupus patients receive a positive ANA test, but not all ANA positive tests point to a lupus diagnosis. This is a very important point. If you get a positive test result, it could be pointing to one of a number of autoimmune problems, or to no autoimmune problem at all. It could be without any clinical consequences. Because the results could mean a number of things, it is critical that a rheumatologist evaluate the test. Visible Signs and Symptoms of Discoid Lupus Skin Lesions and Scabbing Swelling of Extremities and Joints Scabbing and skin irritation of the ears Irritation and swelling on the face The End

How Laughter Benefits Our Health

It is a known fact that laughter is advantageous and useful to our health. Many specialists agree that laughter brings to numerous positive effects of psychological nature, and also it improves our physical condition. For example, according to a recent study of medical researchers from the University of Maryland, laughter helps to keep our facial muscles in tonus, lowers the risks of heart attack, improves our immune system, etc. Besides, it was discovered that laughter can play the role of an analgesic, relieve pains, increase pain tolerance threshold, and this effect is a psychological one, because no prove of a related chemical reaction was found (Reader’s Digest, 2005). At the same time, there are other psychological outcomes of laughter. Elisabeth Scott, a stress management and family therapy specialist, points on various positive effects of laughter as one of the most effective tools to control and manage our stresses. Those include opportunities to distract and to divert one’s attention from anger, depression, tension, or other distressing emotions to funny and joyful things, and this way to avoid possible harmful aftereffects of stresses. In addition, â€Å"..laughter provides a physical and emotional release,† it helps to relax, feel more comfortable and hopeful (Scott, 2007). Finally, laughter can be a good exercise to improve own self-perception and abilities to interact, because it helps us establish good contact and socialize more effectively. Undoubtedly, laughter is very healthy for human psychology and mind, because it helps to develop positive and enthusiastic disposition, forms optimistic perspectives, as well as stimulates good and cheerful mood. Specialists found out that young children laugh about 400 times a day, however, adult people laugh only about 17 times a day (Scott, 2007). That is why it is vital to incorporate into our daily routine more and more of good but controlled laughter, which will help to take this life less seriously and focus on positive or encouraging ideas. References Laugh Your Way to Good Health. (2005, September). Reader’s Digest. The Reader's Digest Association Inc. Retrieved January 19, 2008 Scott, E. (2007, November 7). The Stress Management and Health Benefits of Laughter. About. About Inc., The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 19, 2008, from ;http://stress.about.com/od/stresshealth/a/laughter.htm;.

Analysis of the steroid, nandrolone, in urine Free Essay Example, 1000 words

If GC/MS in electron ionization is used exclusively in selected ion monitoring, it can result in misidentification and poor quantification because of interference from same m/z value compounds in the matrix. One method to improve selectivity and sensitivity of the test is to use positive chemical ionization with ammonia as reagent (Wuest, 2004). Instrumentation The analysis of the metabolites can be performed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The method of analysis allows both quantification and qualitative analysis. The analyses are performed using a gas chromotography equipped with autosampler and coupled with mass-selective detector. A computer and ChemStation software are employed for instrument control and data processing. Gas chromatography separation can be achieved on 5% phenyl–95% dimethyl-polysiloxane or Phenomenex column. The dimensions of the column which are usually employed are 30 m x 0.25 mm with 0.25-Â µm film thickness. The operation is done with helium inlet pressure of 103 kPa. the temperature programming which will be usually followed is 100 Â °C for 1 min, increased at 16 Â °C/min to 220 Â °C, increased at 3.80 Â °C/min to 270 Â °C, and held for 3 min. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of the steroid, nandrolone, in urine or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now 1 micro liter of samples of urine should be injected at 270 degree at one minute into as in the splitless mode split-splitless injection port with an inner glass liner which is silanized. the transfer line is heated to 280 degrees. The source of ion is operated at 70eV in the electron impact mode. The analysis should be performed in single-ion monitoring mode. For [12C] nandrolone, ions m/z 420, 405, and 315 must be used and for [13C] nandrolone, m/z 422, 407, and 317 must be used. For [12C] nandrolone, m/z 405 can be used for quantification and 407 for [13C] nandrolone (Baume et al, 2004). Figure. 3. Mass spectra of 12C-NA (A) and 13C-NA (B) bis-trimethylsilyl derivatives (Baume et al, 2004). Along with performance of these qualitative and quantitative tests, specific gravity of the urine sample also must be checked. If the value is less than 1.02, then no correction is required. If the value is above 1.02, a correction threshold must be made using the formula (WADA, 2004). Threshold1.020 ng/mL= (Specific gravity of the Sample – 1) / (1.020 – 1) * 2 ng/mL If steroids are analysed by positive chemical ionisation, the GC/MS system must be able to provide precise control of GC carrier gas, accurate and reproducible temperature ramping of the oven, stable and controllable source of ion and temperatures of quadrupole and precise and stable reagent gas control.

Explore the Ways in Which Stevenson Creates an Effective...

Explore the ways in which Stevenson creates an effective horror story in â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.† Robert Stevenson wrote â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde† in 1885. In â€Å"Dr. Jekyll and My Hyde,† Stevenson creates the atmosphere of a horror story. He does this through many different techniques. He makes subtle suggestions that the central characters lead a double life, creating suspense, dramatic events and the taking of innocent victims. In chapter one, Stevenson creates an enormous amount of suspense and intrigue in the description of Jekyll’s house. Firstly, as Stevenson describes the street, he makes a massive contrast between the attractive street: â€Å"The street and general cleanliness,† and Mr. Hyde’s house: bore in every feature the marks†¦show more content†¦Hyde. As the reader and Utterson have, no clear idea of who Hyde is, when Hyde starts to approach the awaiting Utterson it causes a huge amount of suspense: â€Å"The steps drew swiftly nearer and swelled out suddenly louder.† The tension is intensifies as the steps get closer. Stevenson takes his time to describe Hyde so when the reader is finally about to encounter Hyde is it extremely power as we do not know whether he will commit another horrendous murder, this time on Utterson In chapter five Stevenson does a useful description of the laboratory. Utterson describes â€Å"three dusty windows barred with iron.† However, the year before, Mr Enfield describes the same window as, â€Å"always shut but...clean.† This helps Stevenson create an effective horror story because this slight detail hints that perhaps Mr. Hyde is slowing but steadily taking control of Dr. Jekyll and the murderous evil man will continue before Dr. Jekyll has a chance to stop it all. Stevenson makes Hyde seem a monster/animal/supernatural evil in the way that he is described. Hyde clearly represents â€Å"the beast in man† and is described in a number of animalistic images. When Utterson confronts him, he is described as â€Å"hissing† like a cornered snake; Poole describes him as a â€Å"thing† which cries out â€Å"like a rat†; he moves â€Å"like a monkey† and screams in â€Å"mere animal terror.† He is described as â€Å"A Juggernaut†, â€Å"Like Satan†, â€Å"Deformed†, â€Å"Dwarfish†, â€Å"Hardly human†,Show MoreRelated The Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe Representation of Evil in Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde This essay will show how evil is represented in Robert Louis Stevensons Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is about evil and the duality of peoples personalities. To show this I will focus on Stevensons use of characterization, setting, historical, social and cultural context, settings, symbols and language. Robert Stevenson lived in the Victorian era, this was a very repressiveRead More Robert Louis Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde2544 Words   |  11 Pagesâ€Å"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde† is a gothic horror novella written by Robert Louis Stevenson in the Victorian era. The novella follows a well-respected doctor - Henry Jekyll - and his struggle between good and evil when he takes a potion and becomes Mr Hyde. Robert Louis Stevenson - the author of the novella â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde†- was born in Edinburgh in 1850 and died at the young age of forty-four. He wrote the book in 1886. As a child he was very closeRead MoreExplore How Stevenson Creates a Sense of Intrigue and Engages the Reader’s Interest in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.1839 Words   |  8 Pages‘Explore how Stevenson creates a sense of intrigue and engages the reader’s interest in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.’ The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was written by Robert Louis Stevenson in 1886. This book is a classic and has been very successful; therefore it has been turned into several films and theatre productions. The book seizes the reader’s attention and gets straight into drama and action, making it hard to put down. This well thought out and complicated book touches on many topicsRead MoreGothic Elements in Great Expectations’ by Charles Dickens Essay2075 Words   |  9 PagesThe Gothic was born out of the romanticism genre in the late Eighteenth Century, combining romance and horror in an attempt to thrill and terrify the reader, yet in the Victorian era ceased to become a dominant literary genre. However themes of the Gothic still survived such as psychological and physical terror, mystery, supernatural and madness. The melancholy atmosphere and persistent melodrama in novels such as ‘Great Expectations’ by Charles Dickens are examples of Gothic el ements in later novels

The Effects Of Using Biological Evidence For Environmental...

Discuss the advantages and limitations of using biological evidence for environmental reconstruction of the climate in the Quaternary period. Introduction The Quaternary period refers to our current geological time period, it spans over two epochs, the Pleistocene and Holocene, during this geological period, the world has experience incredible climatic changes that have shaped the world we live in today. The Quaternary period has been characterised by numerous periods of glaciation, due to these periods of glaciation there were fluctuating changes in climate and sea levels which have resulted in the alteration of different environments worldwide. Throughout the centuries, the Quaternary period has experienced fluctuating climates almost see-sawing between sudden periods of global warming to full blown glaciation periods covering most of Northern Europe and North America. There are many causes theorised for these fluctuating changes in climates like an anthropogenic climate change which is human caused change that interacts with natural variations and many more. It can be argued the Quaternary period is one of the best studied areas of geologic record, due to its preservation in comparison to other periods, this allows for researchers to be able to study areas like climatic reconstruction. There are many methods to reconstruct Quaternary periods using biological evidence like Pollen Analysis, Diatom Analysis and Tree Ring Analysis, which will all be explored in this essay,Show MoreRelatedEssay on The Importance of Human Evolution 1794 Words   |  8 Pageshe aimed to explain this through his theory of natural selection, genetic variation and ‘survival of the fittest’ (Ruse 2009).Through this insight gave rise to all archaeologists to search in the eastern and western African region to find fossil evidence of these apes or species we have evolved from. Through individual’s hard work and dedication we can now fill in the gaps between the different species and how we have arrived at our modern day selves. Every story has to have a beginning, middle

On Dumpster Diving Essay Example For Students

On Dumpster Diving Essay Christian Kowlessar 3rd Period November 30, 2012 Expository Essay In this essay, On Dumpster Diving, the writer implies that there are many positive things that come out of dumpster diving, as well as negative. You dont have to be in poverty to take advantage of the many things found in dumpsters, as long as you take the right pre-cautions. But what is dumpster diving? It is simply rummaging or going through dumpsters to find things of use such as food, clothing, or any other items that could be of use. Although, the writer prefers the term scavenging or scrounging. Even respectable employed people will sometimes find something tempting sticking out of a dumpster or standing beside one. This quote, coming from the text, was written for the purpose of dealing with the readers emotion. It notifies the reader that there is nothing wrong with going in the trash if you see something you like. You will never know because one mans trash may be your treasure. Even though you may feel degraded by going through a dumpster, Eighner uses the method of pathos to convince the reader that there is nothing wrong with taking something you like. Although, it is your choice, Eighner is still convincing the reader that there is no problem with it. But there are still pre-cautions you should take before picking something up and eating or using it Dumpster diving may seem very care-free and more like whatever you find, you take. Eighner mentions throughout his essay about the precautions that must be taken when diving through dumpsters. He includes that, Eating safely from the dumpsters involves three principles: using the senses and common sense to evaluate the condition of the found materials, knowing the dumpsters of a given area and hecking them regularly, and seeking always to answer the question Why was this discarded. This information all seems completely credible knowing that its coming from a dumpster diver with much experience and knowledge. As an employed person wouldnt be as educated in the art of dumpster diving. But who says employed people may not go through a dumpster in his life, or has never ate spoiled food? Eighner showed examples about employed people being more careless than a dumpster diver by saying, Perhaps everyone who has a kitchen and a regular supply f groceries has, at one time or another, made a sandwich and eaten half of it before discovering mold on the bread or got a mouthful of milk before realizing the milk had turned. The reason for this is that Nothing of the sort is likely to happen toa aumpster Olver Decause ne Is constantly remln ea a tnat most Tooo Is Olscaraea Tor a reason. This statement seems logical because, yes, employed people may or may not check the expiration date or smell the odor of a specific product, thinking that it is perfectly fine because it was refrigerated. While a smart dumpster diver, such as Eighner, uses his three rules before indulging the food. There are, indeed, many good things that could be found in dumpsters. Even though its not the ideal place to go food shopping, there are its perks, as well as flaws. But the only way to know if something is good or not is by using Eighners three logical rules. If there is something you like that you see in the dumpster, you are better off taking it, it is free. You dont have to be in poverty to go through a dumpster. Another mans trash may be your treasure. I think Eighner explains and proved that accurately.